Art of forging car-wheels.



Rm 9 1 9w 2 Q U A D E T N E T A P N E 0 H G S nu 0 2 7 9 7 N ART OFFORGING GAR WHEELS. APPLICATION FILED MAE s 1905 2 $HEBTSSHEET 1.

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ag w utoz %u.zu Mm BIO-"797,920. PATBNTED AUG. 22, 1905.

v G. T. SGHCEN.

ART OF FORGING GAR WHEELS APPLICATION FILED MAR.6,1905.

" 2 SHEETS-SHBBT 2.

7 form ruciiioeotary hul:

.h. 41 h. A. ill-l AA: 1 do) Specification of Letters Patent.

zfatented Aug". 29 3905.

Application filed ll'ieroli 6.19%. Serial Ilo. 248,704.

To (5Z2 whom it may concern:

Be known that i; Gimmes Sorrow. a. citizen of the United States,residing l ilcp Clfilfililii, iii the county of fl hiladelphic andStateof Pennsylvania. have TH Ell d a cer- 'ain new and woefullmpnwcmcot in the Paris 3? forging il-"hoels. of which the follow rig ise full, clear. and exact dcccriptioo.

The object of this invention is to provide a systcrhatic process forproducing integral Wrought-metal. car Wheels from wrought blanks.

The is obtained from selected rolledstcel stock free from p' figs andother phycical defects and While hot first clie ressed to id fihe web;adjacent to said bob. the chick being spread out laterally. Thou, andprefcrohly While in thedics. the block trlmzncd dorm to a substantiallytrue circle. and then 15;. subjected to the action of other dies bywhich the contour oi the hub 's perfected, the Web rcdiiccd. end arodimcntargy rimformed and the hub punched, and then the web and rim arefurther treated by rolls, after which the wheel is dished or coned andthe rim trued. in this truiug operation. the rim is chilled, so as torender it hard and durable.

With this gcncral statement lv will proceed now to set forth the bestmodc in which i have contemplated applying the principle of theinvention and then will particularly point out and distinctly claim theimprovcmcnt in the art which i. claim as my inverihion it hcingdistinctly understood that the apparatus heroin shown and described hemodified or replaced by other equivalent apparatus.

in the accompanyingdrawings, illustrating the invention, in the severalfigures of which like parts oresiniilarly desigimted, Figure 1 shows inedge and plain views an zingolar blank.

v and Fig. 2 shows in plan and edge views it circolor blank, either. orwhich may ho hood in tho process. Fig. ills avertical section of thofirst-operation dies. Fig. l: is c. plan view of the angular blank as itcomes from tho dies of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 a. plan view of the circular blackas it comes from thcdies of Fig. 3.

9. vertical section of the dies oi Fig. 3 we ridod with the shearingmcclumism. Fig. 7 is a plan View of the sheared angular blank. .lfig. 8a plan view of the shcorce circular hlcnk. Fig. 9 is :1 vertical sectionthe second-operation dies with tho blank oi Figs.

i or 8 in place therein and before the dies are closed down upon saidblank. Fig. 10 is. a vertical section of toe second-operation diesclosed down and with tho huh-opening punch or; the end of its operation.Fig". 11 is a crossseclaion of the prod act of the second-operationdice. Fig. 19. is a, bottom plan view of the cross-head carrying thoupper die'of the second-operation dies. Fig. 13 is an'elevrrtion of partof the upper shear-blade. section of the secood-operation dies cquippcdwith the shearing apparatus and showing in elevation part of a hydraulicpress in which said dies may he used. Fig. iois an elevation of part ofthe lower shear-blade. Fig. 16 is a plan View of the bottom die ormatrix of thc dishing and truing dies. Fig. 1'? is a. vertical sectionof the diehing and truing dies.

The blank 1 may be of angular outline, or the block may ho reduced to ccircle as at 2. Fig. 2, either hy shearing or forging or otheroperation, and in either case this blank is selected from. rolled stockfree from pipings and other physical defects. The blank in a heatedcondition is subjected to the action of the first-operation (lies,(shown in 3,) and these dies consist of a matrix 3 and a male die l,which are respcctively provided with the acorzrshaped projcctlons 5 and6 and the complcmontal faces *4 and 8, whereby when pressure applied tothe blank a rudimentary hub is formed and the blank stretched laterallyand 8. portion of the Web adjacent to the huh produced. The blanksubstantially as it appears in the operation of these dies is ghown inFigs. l and 5, is spread out laterally in somewhat irregular manner, andthe operation consists in shearing of? this irregular rim, this shearingbeing done, preferably. while the blank is in the dies and by theapplication of an upper movable shearhlerle 9 and complcmentcl lowerstationary shear-blade ill, so that after shearing the. block has? eappearance shown in Figs. 7 and 8, which is approximately the diameterof the finished Wheel. 'lhc dotted outlines in FY35. i and 8 reprccectapproximately the shearedoi. Waste.

As shown in Figs. 6, l2, 13; 14:, and 15.

collectively, the upper die is applied to a die carrier 11, mounted uponthe cross-head of :7. suitable erccs, and the die-carrier is providedwith a registering wedge-shaped annulus 12,

Fig. 1c is a and the upper shear-blade 9 is bolted to a car rier 13,provided with trunnions 14, whereby it may be swung into place, and thiscarrier has a coinplemental groove 15 in its upper face, into which theannulus .12 enters, so as to center it around the blank in the dies. Thelower blade '10 is mounted upon the carrier 16, which encircles thelower die. The dies are mounted in any suitable press, preferably ahydraulic press, as indicated in Fig. 14.

The sheared blank of Figs. 7 and 8 is next transferred to the dies,Figs. 9 and 10. The matrix 1'2 and male die 18 of these secondoperationdies are formed'with suitable faces to complete the exterior of the hub,reduce the web, and form a flanged rim, and when the dies have beenclosed to perform these operations then the punch 19 is brought intooperation to punch out the diaphragm 20, Fig. 3, left in the interior ofthe hub by the first and second operation dies.

The wheel may next be subjected to the action of a rolling-maehine,having rolls that act simultaneously upon the web to reduce it to properthickness and upon the tread-and flange to finish these parts.

After the wheel leaves the rolling-machine it is coned or dished andtrued or rounded, and suitable apparatus for this purpose is shown inFigs 16 and 17, same ceusisting of a matrix 21 and male die 2%, shapedto impart the proper dish or cone to the wheel when the dies areforcibly brought together Associated with these dishing or coning diesare truing or rounding dies consisting of the see,- mental andcollapsible die 23, which is supported in any suitable way, as by astand 2 surrounding the matrix and having in its face agroove Thesegmental dissections preferably are beveled on their backs. 26 is awedgeering which is adapted to encircle the segmental die and be presseddown about it into the groove the of the stand, so as to collapse saidsegmental die about the tread and flange oi the wheel in order to trueor round the same. This segmental die is capable of being shifted aroundthe wheel and to be collapsed about it any number of times, so as tocomplete the circle of the wheel without the necessity for subsequentmachining. There may be used in connection with the wedgering anabutment-ring 27, although this is not necessary. l)uring the truingoperation the faces of the segments of the segmental die are coated ortreated with oil or other suitable or equivalent composition, and this,in connection with the comparatively cool. dies, has the effect ofchilling the rim, and hence increasing its hardness. I

it is to be observed. that from the time the blank is subjected to theaction of the firetoperation dies until it comes out finished from thetruing or rounding dies its rim or periphteases ei'y is under constantconfinement and compression. in the first-operation dies the portion ofmetal not immediately subjected to the action of the dies serves as asort of compress, while there is a mechanical'compress applied to therim of the metal in all of the subsequent operations both in the diesand in the rolling-machine. By reason of this compression of the metalany tendency to split or check is counteracted and a 'wheel of greathomogeneity and strength is produced-. b

Any defects in the metal will be developed in the first-operation dies,and the blank may be discarded at that period of the operation, so as tosave waste of time and minimize the production of imperfect or faultywheels.

it is of the utmost importance to select sound stock free from defectsin the first instance.

The rolling operation may be omitted in some instances, although it ispreferred. Vl hen the blank is to be rolled, it is forged about an inchand a half or two inches (more or less) less in diameter than thefinished wheehso as to provide for the increased diameter resulting fromthe thinning of the Web and rim by the Felling.

4 What I claim is 1. The art of forging car-wheels, comprisingessentially die-forging a blank of wrought metal to form a rudimentaryhub and adjacent web, next shearing oil the ou er portion of thethus-treated blank to substantially wheel-diameter, next reducing theweb and roughing out the rim, and next punching the axle-hole in thehub, then coning the wheel, and finally truing or rounding the tread andflange and chilling it.

Z. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging ablur lr of wrought metal to form I a rudimentary hub and ad acent web,next shearing oil" the outer portion of the thustreated blank tosubstantially wheel-diameter, next reducing the web and roughing out therim, and next punching the aXle-hole in the hub, next roll ng the wheelto complete the web and form the rim, then coning the wheel, and finallytrning or rounding the tread and flange and chilling it.

3. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging ablank of wrought metal to form a rudimentary hub and adja- 4 cent web,next shearing off the outer portion of the thus treated blank tosubstantially wheel-diameter, nextreducing the web and roughing out therim by means of dies, next punching the axle-hole in the hub, thendieconing the wheel, and finally die-rounding the tread and flange andsimultaneously chilling the rim of the wheel while in the roundingdies.

4. The art of forging car-wheels, comprising essentially die-forging ablank of wrought cent web, next shearing 01? the outer portion severaldies. ,pf the thus treated blank to substantially In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set metal tov form a rudimentary hub and acija- I pressionduring the forging operations in the wheel-diameter, next reducing theweb and my hand this 4th day of March, A. D. 1905.

roughing out the rim in dies, next punching s CHARLES T. SUHUEN. theaxle-hole in the hub, then die-coming the Witnesses: Wheel, and finallydie-rounding the tread and WM. L. AOHILLES,

flange, the rim of the Wheel being under com- HOMER W. BURR.

